Opposing the Death Penalty Essay -- Against Capital Punishment Essays

Restricting the Death Penalty The death penalty is the curse of capital punishment on an individual sentenced for a wrongdoing. Executing sentenced criminals has been one of the most broadly rehearsed types of criminal discipline in the United States. In any case, this profoundly disputable type of discipline isn't completed in the entirety of the states in the country. Presently, the states that don't rehearse capital punishment are: Alaska, Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, North Dakota, Rhode Island, West Virginia and Wisconsin. In any event, for the states that do authorize capital punishment, it has been a subject of discussion for a long time. In this paper, I will survey the significant issues identified with the death penalty with an accentuation on resistance to it. There are two gatherings who contend over the choice to accept an individual's life as a discipline for a wrongdoing. There are numerous purposes of conversation including whether it is a fitting and sensible discipline, regardless of whether it goes about as an obstruction to wrongdoing and whether it is ethically unbiased or ethically off-base. These two classes of individuals can be assembled as the 'retentionists', and the 'abolitionists' (Americana 596). For the retentionists, the fundamental reasons they are on the side of capital punishment are to deliver retribution and to rebuff. Their primary concern is the insurance of society from perilous crooks. The retentionists have some smart thoughts, however they are still exceptionally off-base. The abolitionists see capital punishment as ethically and legitimately off-base. Further, they contend that it doesn't go about as a hindrance for wrongdoing, it is irreversible and could be utilized on a blameless individual, it is more c ostly than detainment, and that the individuals who are con... ...iego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1997 ?The death penalty.? Reference book Americana. 1990 ed. Draper, Thomas. The death penalty. New York: H.W. Wilson, 1985. Gibeaut, John. ?Capital punishment a vivacious issue.? Aug 2002: 70-74. Criminal Justice Periodicals Proquest. Roesch Library, Dayton. 18 October 2002. <http://library.udayton.edu> Leone, Bruno. ?Does Capital Punishment Deter Crime San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1998 McMillon, Rhonda. ?Looking for a reasonable punishment.? Sep 2002: 70-72. Criminal Justice Periodicals Proquest. Roesch Library, Dayton. 18 October 2002. <http://library.udayton.edu> Mitchell, Hayley. The Death Penalty. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 2001 Nathanson, Stephen. An Eye For and Eye? Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2001 Pohier, Jacques. ?The Death Penalty and Torture.? New York:Seabury Press, 1979

Micro and Macro Environment and Coke Industry Essay Example

Small scale and Macro Environment and Coke Industry Paper Many different laborers have been scared, abducted, or tormented. In Career, individuals from the paramilitary killed association pioneer Sister Gill visible to everyone inside his production line doors. They restored the following day and constrained the entirety of the plants laborers to leave their association by marking records on Coca-Cola letterhead. The latest homicide endeavor happened on August 22, 2003, when two men riding bikes terminated shots at Juan Carols Galois, a laborer head at Coca-Colas Barnstormers plant. There is generous proof that supervisors of a few packaging plants have requested ambushes to happen and made normal installments to pioneers of the paramilitary gatherings doing the assaults. These continuous maltreatment have oaken their cost for Coca-Cola laborers endeavors to arrange. Their association, SANITARIAN has endured an emotional misfortune in enrollment, as specialist pioneers are scared or constrained into stowing away. SENATORIAL has requested for solidarity and partners in the U. S. Work and social equity developments have addressed their call. The United Steelworkers and the International Labor Rights Fund have documented a claim against Coca-Cola in the interest of the association and casualties families in U. S. Government court. Different associations including the Teamsters and numerous local gatherings have propelled open crusades focusing on Coke. What are laborers in Colombia requesting? Recognize hidden Facts. The occasions affirmed in the four Complaints documented in government area court in Miami, Florida are equitably unquestionable. For instance, Mr.. Sister Gill was killed in the Coca-Cola packaging plant in Career. We will compose a custom exposition test on Micro and Macro Environment and Coke Industry explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Micro and Macro Environment and Coke Industry explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Micro and Macro Environment and Coke Industry explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The Plaintiffs are very 8 upset that Coca-Colas open proclamations have marked these charges as bogus since this comprises a push to modify the verifiable record. Open Statements Denouncing Anti-association Violence. Coca-Cola and Panamas/FEMMES should give solid, open articulations all through the press in Colombia and on the planet reprimanding savagery, and especially hostile to association tolerance, by totally furnished on-screen characters in Colombia. The organizations should express that such viciousness, paying little mind to who submits it, is seen by partnerships, for example, themselves as being terrible for business and speculation. In particular, they ought to freely express that if the paramilitaries consider themselves to be ensuring the premiums of household and remote venture, they are incorrect; that their rough direct, particularly against exchange unionists, is awful for business and speculation and must stop. Coca-Cola and Panamas/FEMMES should likewise offer open expressions in the press showing their conviction that, in spite of the apartments made by neighborhood Colombian administration, Senatorial isn't associated with any furnished gatherings in Colombia, and recognize that the brutal demonstrations depicted in the four government grievances was unlawful. Human Rights Committee. Coca-Cola and Panamas/FEMMES must consent to help the production of a free advisory group to which laborers can submit grumblings about enemy of association savagery and terrorizing at or around any Coca-Cola packaging plant. The Committee will work with such representatives and the association to address such worries in a profitable manner. Examination and Training: Coca-Cola and Panamas/FEMMES must energize the best possible experts in Colombia to research interfaces between neighborhood Colombian administration and the equipped gatherings, especially the paramilitaries. Further, the organizations must lead their own interior examinations and expel the board with such connections. This examination must be dependent upon free audit. Coca-Cola and Panamas/FEMMES ought to likewise direct preparing with all administration staff and workers in which they firmly stress that any agreement with outfitted entertainers or any consolation of hostile to association brutality by these on-screen characters, regardless of whether material or good, won't go on without serious consequences and will bring about quick release. Address Anti-Loon Impact of Violence. As an outcome of the explanation brutality that is the subject of the four lawful cases, SENATORIAL has endured huge misfortunes of individuals and other institutional harm. So as to address this unmistakable part of the viciousness, Coca-Cola must consent to require its bottlers to haggle with SENATORIAL and to consent to a procedure to fix the harm endured by SENATORIAL. This will incorporate forbidding any of the Coca-Cola bottlers from alluding to the association in a censorious manner, for example, considering it a guerilla association, reestablishing patrons who fled following explicit demise hearts from paramilitaries or who were released unlawfully for their association movement, and permitting SENATORIAL to approach laborers preceding decisions in any of the subject packaging plants where SENATORIAL was decertify following the demonstrations Of savagery because of lost enrollment from dread and terrorizing. Suspension of Criminal Charges. Coca-Cola and Panamas/FEMMES must quit squeezing criminal lawful activity against the Plaintiffs as they have done since not long after, and in reprisal for, the Plaintiffs beginning of the common human rights claim in Miami. Pay for Victims Environmental Devastation in India (determinations from nondisclosure. Organization) 9 Communities across India are under attack from Coca-Cola rehearses in the nation. An example has risen because of Coca-Colas packaging tasks in India. Networks across India living around Coca-Colas packaging plants are encountering serious water deficiencies, straightforwardly because of Coca-Colas enormous extraction of water from the basic groundwater asset. The wells have run dry and the hand water siphons don't work any more. Studies, including one by the Central Ground Water Board in India, have affirmed the huge exhaustion of the water table. At the point when the water is extricated from the normal groundwater asset by burrowing further, the water scents and tastes weird. Coca-Cola has been aimlessly releasing its waste water into the fields around its plant and here and there into streams, including the Ganges, in the zone. The outcome has been that the groundwater has been contaminated just as the dirt. General wellbeing specialists have posted signs around wells and hand siphons prompting the network that the water is unfit for human utilization. In two networks, Appalachia and Impending, Coca-Cola was circulating its strong waste to ranchers in the zone as compost. Tests led by the BBC discovered cadmium and lead in the waste, viably making the waste poisonous waste. Coca-Cola halted the act of disseminating its poisonous waste just when requested to do as such by the state government. Tests led by an assortment of organizations, including the administration of India, affirmed that Coca-Cola items contained elevated levels of pesticides, and accordingly, the Parliament of India has restricted the offer of Coca-Cola in its cafeteria. In any case, Cloacae not just keeps on selling drinks bound with harms in India (that would never be sold in the US and ELI), it is likewise presenting new items in the Indian market. Furthermore, as though selling drinks with EDT and different pesticides to Indians was insufficient, one of Cocoas most recent packaging offices to open in India, in Bali, is situated in a zone with an extreme tainting of arsenic in its groundwater. Pulverizing Lives, Livelihoods and Communities Water deficiencies, contamination of groundwater and soil, presentation to poisonous waste and pesticides is having effects of enormous extents in India. In a nation where over 70% of the populace gets by identified with farming, taking the water and harming the water and oil is a certain catastrophe waiting to happen. A huge number of ranchers in India have been influenced by Coca-Colas practices, and Coca-Cola is liable of obliterating the employments of thousands of individuals in India. Tragically, we don't have the foggiest idea about the degree of the harm thus from presentation to the poisonous waste and pesticides as these are long haul issues. Most influenced are the marginalia networks, for example, the Advises (Indigenous Peoples) and Dalais (once in the past untouchables), just as the low-salary networks, landless horticultural specialists and ladies. Taken completely, that is many individuals in India. The Struggles The egotism of Coca-Cola in India isn't going unanswered. Truth be told, the developing resistance to Coca-Cola-essentially from Coca-Cola influenced networks has spread so quickly and picked up so much quality that Coca-Cola is presently on edge. Kola Dear, Restaurant In the territory of Restaurant, the High Court decided in November 2004 that every soda in the state must express the degree of pesticides on the item name, notwithstanding the fixings. This 10 uncommon decision came just three weeks after a 2,000 in number exhibit to close down the Coca-Cola packaging plant in Kola Dear, on the edges of Jasper in Restaurant. More than 50 towns are encountering water deficiencies because of Coca-Colas aimless mining of water, and battle boards have been shaped in any event 32 towns to stand up to Coca-Colas mishandles. The Central Ground Water Board, an administration office, not just affirmed the declining water table because of Coca-Colas aimless running of the water, it likewise blamed Coca-Cola for making natural irregular characteristics in the territory. Because of the court request to express the degree of pesticides on their names, Coca-Cola offered the choice on the rounds that such an activity would compel them to bargain with their business secrecy! Coca-Cola likewise submitted to the cou

Blog Archive The Rise of Political Activism at Business Schools

Blog Archive The Rise of Political Activism at Business Schools The political climate within the United States has been quite unstable and divisive, to put it mildly, in the past year. This mood is reaching business schools and changing the atmosphere in ways that some say is unprecedented. The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) recently highlighted the rise of student activism at top-ranked U.S.-based business schools following decisions and actions of the Trump administration. “At the undergraduate level, these kinds of demonstrations happen frequently,” Peter Johnson, dean of the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley, commented to the WSJ, “but I can’t remember a time when our graduate students have been as involved [in campus politics].” In addition to demonstrations on campus, open letters from students and professors of business schools have made the rounds in recent monthsâ€"one by Harvard Business School students, in particular, condemned President Trump’s decision to appoint HBS alumnus Stephen Bannon as se nior counselor and chief strategist. At Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management, students have turned to fundraising to support the American Civil Liberties Union, which recently took a stand against President Trump by filing a lawsuit against his controversial immigration ban. The Kellogg-based coalition, MBAs Open Up, features students from more than ten other business schools and has raised nearly $5K so far. The recent rise in activism could be due to a new school of thought among MBA students, suggests Brent Chrite, dean of the University of Denver’s Daniels College of Business. “This is a generation of students that believes in the capacity to do well financially when you do good for society,” Chrite said in the WSJ article. Share ThisTweet Berkeley-Haas Harvard University (Harvard Business School) News

The Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe - 868 Words

â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe is a Gothic style short story from the mid-1800s. The story focuses on two main characters, Montresor and Fortunato, and a plot for revenge told as a recollection. It is set in Italy during Carnival, which seemed to play a massive role in the murder plot and how it played out. How do the characters and themes within the story accentuate each other? Themes of death and mortality, betrayal, and freedom and confinement help to bring out the intentions of Montresor and Fortunato while creating an overall sense of doom. The death and mortality theme in this short story provides the audience with the overall mood of the work. This theme really helps bring about the ominous mood and tone with the story taking place mostly in the catacombs. In the story, soon after Fortunato and Montresor depart from the Carnival, they made their way down a long and winding staircase with torches to light their way. (Poe, p.109) The catacombs they enter, the torches, and the winding staircase are all crucial components for the story to fall into the Gothic fiction genre. Poe made visualization uncomplicated by providing the reader with such a rich setting, almost as if he wanted the reader to be able to â€Å"feel† the dampness that surrounded Fortunato and Montresor. Another major theme within this work shows itself at the very beginning for Montresor and the end for Fortunato, betrayal. Fortunato had previously insulted Montresor, sparking a fireShow MoreRelatedThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In ?The Cask of Amontillado?, Edgar Allan Poe takes us on a trip into the mind of a mad man. Poe uses certain elements to convey an emotional impact. He utilizes irony, descriptive detail of setting, and dark character traits to create the search of sinful deceit. Poe also uses first person, where the narrator is the protagonist who is deeply involved. The purpose is to get the reader to no longer be the observer. He wants them to see with MontressorRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe836 Words   |  3 Pagesqualities in the story. In the story many things are used as symbols such as the actual cask of amontillado, the trowel, the jester costume and the setting in which there is two in the story. Another literary technique used significantly in the story is irony. Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite. In the short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† Montresor a very troubled man who plans to seek revenge on another man named FortunatoRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 PagesWhat makes Edgar Allan Poe work unique? Other than being a strange individual, Poe has become a remarkable literature writer. The Raven, Annabel Lee, and The Cask of Amontillado are just a few of Poe’s work that staples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elementsRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe906 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† was written in 1846, by Edgar Allan Poe. Born in 1809, Poe never knew any of his parents. At the age of three, his mother died of tuberculosis, and his father deserted the family before he was born. Taking care of him was his foster parents in Richmond, Virginia. They loved Poe, but were not supportive of his decisions and kept Poe poor. Having debt and not being able to provide food and clothes for himself caused Poe to quit school. Later, heRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe920 Words   |  4 Pageswhen that trust no longer exists? In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe, Fortunato is about to find the answer to this question. On the surface, Montresor seems friendly with Fortunato, but deep down he feels nothing but hate for him. Could this hatred have an irrationality that only Montresor understands? In different ways, both of these men are proud and affluent, yet both have downfalls that will l ead to a tragic ending. Edgar Allan Poe’s use of language contributes to the understandingRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1555 Words   |  7 PagesIn his writing, Edgar Allan Poe has multiple uses of direct and indirect characterization. In The Cask of Amontillado, Montresor had rules such as â€Å"I must not only punish but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong† (Poe, 2). Poe used indirect characterization to show the reader that Montresor is an unreliable narrator because he justified hisRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1303 Words   |  6 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† the narrator recalls an extremely significant time in his life, and takes the reader along with him. Throughout the story, one experiences a perfectly planned murder which took place over fifty years ago, and still no one has discovered what truly happened to poor Fortunato as he was chained to a wall in a room that was then closed off, and torched to death due to all the nitre in the walls. As the story goes on, the reader can see some of Poe’s unfortunateRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story, The Cask of Amontillado, written by Edgar Allan Poe is a story of terror and betrayal. Like many of Poe’s literary works, the story has a dark undertone with a theme of terror and depression. More than half a century ago, Marshall McLuhan argued that though Poe was fascinated by evil, the evil that he had in mind was not that of Calvinism, but that of the split man and the split civilization. In general, McLuhan was right, but in this instance Calvinism, and its God, provided a darkRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe707 Words   |  3 PagesIn the short story of The Ca sk of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe writes in first person point of view from the perspective of Montresor who seeks revenge against Fortunato. Montresor began to develop the perfect plan for revenge. During the carnival season, Montresor meets with Fortunato and decides to implement his plan carefully through irony. Poe s story describes the murderer s mind which has lived as a memory of Fortunato s death for fifty years. Poe uses different types of irony and symbolismRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe985 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is a well known author of short stories and poetry from the 19th century. He is known especially for his stories of horror and suspense. The Cask of Amontillado is one of his more famous pieces. The story follows the narrator, Montresor, as he exacts revenge on Fortunato. Montressor draws Fortunato into the wine cellar where eventually he chains Fortunato to the wall and encloses him inside it. Throughout the story the narrator continually proves that he is not the most reliable source

Theme Of Satire In The Handmaids Tale - 1649 Words

The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood is a dystopic satire in which present tendencies are carried out to their intensely unpleasant culmination. In the novel, the protagonist and narrator, Offred, originally lived an ordinary life in America until an oppressive, patriarchal theocracy governed by Christian fundamentalists—a group of extremists, applying a strict adherence to Christian doctrine to all facets of society—took over. Due to the increase in toxic pollution and radiation, there is widespread sterility. As a result, Offred and a select number of women, Handmaids, who are fertile have the sole responsibility to produce children. Through the use of satire, Atwood criticizes and exposes the entirety of the society. Satire is the†¦show more content†¦Atwood forges a character, Serena Joy, who shares the same views as Schlafly to mock and criticize women who wanted to suppress themselves. Through the use of religion to objectify and subjugate women, Atwood depicts and critiques the dangers of Jerry Falwell’s misogyny, presenting an exaggeration of Christian Fundamentalism. In Gilead, the oppression of women is second nature; as Offred thinks whether she can be physically hit, she says â€Å"They can hit us, there’s Scriptural precedent. But not with any implement. Only with their hands. (16)†. Atwood highlights Gilead’s manipulation of religion to hold power over the subjects. Although there is no explicit Biblical evidence stated here, the legitimacy of the Bible to subjugate women is effective because subjects like Offred do not question the Scriptural precedent. In the larger picture, it is satirical that Gilead is able to use the Bible to brainwash individuals. Atwood utilizes humour through the language because women cannot be hit with an implement but can be hit by hands. Yet, both means of physical punishment have the same result. Wh ile Offred is at the Red Center, she says a prayer before lunch: â€Å"Blessed be the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are the merciful. Blessed be the meek. Blessed are the silent. I knew they made that up, I knew it was wrong, and the things they left out, too, but there was no way of checking.†Show MoreRelatedA Different Aspects Of Progress1040 Words   |  5 PagesDifferent Aspects of Progress The aversion to progress has been apparent through the history of mankind. Through the clever use of satire, three authors each from a different period and unique graphic locations, expose issues related to man’s reluctance to progress. Aristophanes, Hughes and Atwood vary in their respective abilities to change their audience’s minds about the significant issues of their time periods. In the Langston Hughes’ story â€Å"Slave on the Block†, the Carraway family members doRead More Feminism In The Handmaids Tale Essay1588 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism In The Handmaids Tale      Ã‚  Ã‚   Feminism as we know it began in the mid 1960s as the Womens Liberation Movement. Among its chief tenants is the idea of womens empowerment, the idea that women are capable of doing and should be allowed to do anything men can do. Feminists believe that neither sex is naturally superior. They stand behind the idea that women are inherently just as strong and intelligent as the so-called stronger sex. Many writers have taken up the cause of feminismRead MoreThe Satire of Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale Essay example497 Words   |  2 PagesThe Handmaids Tale has been described as a scathing satire and a dire warning! Which elements of our own society is Margaret atwood satirising and how does her satire work ? Atwood tries to open our eyes by satirising our society with a brilliant contrasting novel. Dystopian in every way, the reader encounters a world in which modern values of our society seem/ are replaceable. Showing the worst of all possible outcomes, she demonstrates that our primarily heartless, just economical thinkingRead MoreExplore the Narrative Techniques Used by Atwood to Portray the Inner Life of Offered in ‘the Handmaids Tale.2023 Words   |  9 PagesThe narrative style and structure of ‘The Handmaids Tale is something very unique to the novel. Atwood has used a complex structure of four different time scales; the most prominent is the first person present tense, where she is a member of the Gilead community and living in the Commanders house: Nothing takes place in bed but sleep; or no sleep. I try not to think too much. Like other things, thought must be rationedÂ…I intend to last. This narrative allows experiences to be filtered through

The Importance of Education and Teaching Essay - 1369 Words

â€Å"I do not want to go to school today!† â€Å"I hate my teacher, and she hates us!† â€Å"Shes boring and we do not even learn anything!† â€Å"Ugh, why do I even have to go?† At one point or another in our lives, we have all been in this situation. Whether it was watching a friend or sibling throw the tantrum, or if it was you yourself, we have heard the excuses above plenty of times. Ironically, these are not always excuses used in hoped of enjoying a day off from school, as sadly, these â€Å"boring† and â€Å"hateful† teachers do exist. But what causes teachers to act this way and treat their students in a way that they feel under-appreciated or as if they are a nuisance? Many teachers go to work everyday to do just that, work. They feel no sense of duty to†¦show more content†¦All throughout my schooling, I have also been lucky enough to have had tremendous and inspirational teachers who have shown me the power in being on the other end of the learning by being an educator. That power that I was shown, by my teachers who were engaged, had infectiously positive attitudes and simply loved what they did, is one of the main reasons that I want to become and educator, so that I may too spread that same love and thirst for knowledge. Another, more personal reason that I want to become an educator is due to my grandparents. Growing up, I have seen both ends of what an education can provide, and what not having one can do to your whole life. One on side, I have grandparents who themselves were teachers and were always willing to share their stories, both good and bad, their lessons and have provided me with knowledge and words of wisdom that only someone who has been in the classroom can give. One the other side, I have grandparents who have shown me what a lack of opportunities and an education can do to your life. As they both migrated to the United States as young teenagers, they did not receive the chance to properly finish their education, which causes them to lack basic skills such as reading and writing fluently. Seeing them struggle with these basic tasks on a daily has shown me that an education is not something that should ever be taken for granted. For me, I believe education is something that everyone shouldShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Teaching Education1614 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: The Importance of Teaching Education The Importance of Teaching Education Foundations of Theory and Practice in Master’s Studies Abstract The Importance of Teaching Education should be a part of everyones life. A good education offers something for everyone, whether it is on the simple level or a more complex one. Education should provide an opportunity for students to develop a strong sense of creativity, a high self esteem, and a lifelong respect for learning  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Teachers areRead MoreThe Values Of Teaching, Education And The Importance Of Education950 Words   |  4 PagesAn education is important for social reason, economic growth, to end poverty and to change the world. It reduces inequality, makes an individual resourceful, and brings about self-awareness. It changes human behaviour, empowers an individual, creates self- dependence and boost self-esteem. It creates careers, and encourages a healthy value system. Education helps one to appreciate other cultures and embrace diversity. It promotes confidence and respect for self and others. An education broadensRead MoreThe Importance Of Teaching For Nurses With Home With The Correct Education And Guidance Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching is a vital part of nursing; with home healthcare on the rise teaching by nurses is only becoming more important to insure the patient has the best outcome even when they are not supervised 24 hours by a registered nurse. It is because of pro per patient education that patients can now go home with conditions that would have previously insured longer hospital stays. There are various treatment plans that can be performed at home with the correct education and guidance. On 7/14/15 I implementedRead MoreThe Importance Of Teaching And Education Than I Knew Was Possible947 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout this course I have learned so much more about teaching and education than I knew was possible. The portfolio essays have made me realize everything that goes into teaching, I never really thought about different things that go into teaching; for example what my teaching style will be, how I grade and do tests, and the fact that I will probably have special needs students in my class. I believe that the purpose of education is to expand children’s minds and to teach not only curriculumRead MoreThe Importance of Information Communication Technology in Teaching and Learning of Accounting Education2493 Words   |  10 Pagesthe t eaching and learning of accounting courses. A s a result of that, this paper a ims to investigate the relevance of ICT in effective teaching and l earning of a ccounting courses, t he concept o f ICT is also ex amine, as well as t he m eaning o f Ac counting Education , it also discussed various accounting c oursew are , the i mportance of ICT i n teaching and learning of accounting courses was touched, s ome impacts of using ICT i n online accounting tutoring on students ar e not l eft outRead MoreEssay on My Teaching Philosophy594 Words   |  3 PagesMy Teaching Philosophy I want to become a teacher, not only for the fun and enjoyment that comes along with being a teacher, but because I want to make a difference in children’s lives. I want to become a Physical Education teacher, to teach children the importance of being physically fit and physically active. In edition to teaching the importance of being and staying healthy, I want to give the younger generation the opportunity to play sports. Through playing sports a child may feel aRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Confucius Lives Next Door 1467 Words   |  6 PagesThe book is separated into eight chapters; The Other Miracle, Eastern Flavor, Pine Tree by the Rice Paddy, The Master King, Yodobashi No.6, Continuing Education, The secret Weapon, Too Much Freedom each telling a certain part of the story as it happens each chapter depicting a different concept. The topics of this book vary from food to education each stating their differences from America. While this book is written in 1990 I bel ieve their traditions and values still hold true to this day. ThroughoutRead MoreInstructional Strategies For Students With Intellectual Disabilities771 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribed special education teachers’ instructional strategies for using the iPad as an instructional tool to enhance the teaching and learning process for elementary learners with intellectual disabilities. Students with intellectual disabilities poses a vast range of challenges to special education teachers when using the iPad as an instructional tool to enhance the teaching and learning process in classrooms. Using the iPad as an instructional tool to enhance the teaching and learning processRead MorePersuasive Speech : Teachers Salaries1421 Words   |  6 PagesTeachers’ pay should be increased because of the responsibilities they hold, the importance of their jobs, and the fact that the quality of teachers are reducing due to the salary. Introduction: I. Imagine how your life would be right now if there was no elementary school, no high school, no college. Where would you be? This strange thought could be reality if it weren’t for the teachers that make our education possible. According to Peter Donker, teachers are one of the most fundamental partsRead MoreThe Importance Of The Higher Levels Of Cognitive Complexity Within The Field Of Counseling875 Words   |  4 PagesGranello addresses the importance of the higher levels of cognitive complexity within the field of counseling (2010). The cognitive complexity has been linked to the competence of counselors due to the ability of reasoning and handling various situations in the mental health field. Similarly, McAuliffe (2014) also recognizes cognitive development as a critical component of counselor preparation. The author argues that it is counselor educators’ responsibility to provide the opportunity to promote

Conflict in the Middle East free essay sample

A look at this conflict, first through the eyes of a realist, and then through the eyes of an idealist. This paper concerns the topic of idealistic and realistic theories of international relations. Firstly, the paper draws a comparison between idealists and realists, contrasting their political viewpoints. Secondly, the paper applies these political theories to the present situation in the Middle East and U.S. interests. This is done via historical synopsis, beginning with the establishment of the State of Israel. Finally, the approach of the USA to the conflict is evaluated in realistic or idealistic terms. Who are idealists? Who are realists? How do these theories affect the study of international relations? Realism/Idealism are ways to rhetorically study international relations. How does these affect the conflict in the Middle East? Idealists can be said to have wholesome ways, how does this affect the Middle East? Realists are said to have no-nonsense ways has does this affect their view with the Middle East? Should both viewpoints be combined to decide the best for international relations?

Isaac Newton Essays (1269 words) - Isaac Newton,

Isaac Newton Isaac Newton was a well-known English scientist. He accomplished a lot during his time and influenced the world a great deal. He is considered to have contributed more to science than any other person. His life can be divided into three periods. The first one was his early childhood, he second was the time of his accomplishments, and the third is his later life. Isaac Newton was born on December 25, 1642 in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England. His family was poor and his parents farmed for a living. His father died three months before he was born. His mother later remarried a minister and Newton went to stay with his grandmother. He attended a grammar school at the age of eleven, but did not do well. His teachers said that he did not pay attention. His mother then decided to pull him out of school and put him in charge of her properties. Newton decided that he did not want to do this, and, with the help of his uncle, Newton convinced his mother to let him return to school. Stokes, the headmaster of the school, saw that Newton had potential, therefore, he put extra time into tutoring, guiding and mentoring Newton (O'Connor & Robertson 1-2). Newton entered Cambridge College on June 5, 1661. He was older than most of the students there and entered as a sizar (a student who received money for college expenses in exchange for being a servant to other students). He wanted to major in law. At Cambridge he studied the philosophies of Aristotle and many other philosophist. During his third year he learned about the philosophies of Descartes, Gassending, but mostly of Boyle. He also read book about Copernicus and his relation to astronomy as well as Galileo and Kepler. Newton became fascinated by the ideas of these scientists. He began recording his thought in a book, which was called Quaestiones Quaedam Philosophicae. He received his bachelor's degree in April 1665 (O'Connor & Robertson 2-3). Newton made many accomplishments during his lifetime. His major accomplishments in the fields of math, physics, and optics are well known. For his accomplishment in math, he is considered to have invented Calculus. Although his works of Calculus were not published before a man name Leibniz, but Newton is still considered as the inventor of Calculus. Newton discovered the Binomial Theorem, which was used for fractional powers (Weinstein 2). He also developed many analytical ways to solve many problems such as: find areas, tangents, lengths of curves, and the maxima and minima of functions (O'Connor & Robertson 3). As mathematician, Newton and Leibniz invented differential calculus. He also calculated a formula for finding the velocity of sound in a gas, which was later corrected by Laplace (Chew 1). Newton made many contributions to the field of physics. He developed the three laws of motion. The first was the law of inertia. This law stated that objects in motion would continue to move in that direction at a constant velocity unless an outside force acts upon it. His second law stated that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Finally, his third law sate that forces causes masses to accelerate. As the acceleration increases the force increases as well. They are directly proportion to each other. Newton is considered to come up with the theory of universal gravitation. This is not totally true, but he did contribute to it. Newton made a huge impact on theoretical astronomy. He defined the laws of motion and universal gravitation, which he used to predict precisely the motions of stars, and the planets around the sun. Using his discoveries in optics Newton constructed the first reflecting telescope (Chew1). Other accomplishments that Newton made in the physics field was discovering the law about centrifugal force on body that is moving in a circular path. He did not totally understand the idea of circular motion. In 1666 Newton's main idea was that the Earth's gravity influenced the moon, therefore counterbalancing it's centrifugal force. From this and Kelpler's law of planetary motion, Newton came up with the inverse-square law (O'Connor & Robertson 5). Newton made many accomplishments to the physics field. Newton wrote many books during his

Free Essays on Black Sabbath

CONTENTS Page: Chapter: 1. I Introduction 1. II History 4. III The bands 5. IV Drugs 6. V Hypes, gimmicks & myths 6. VI Sub genres 7. VII Summary I. INTRODUCTION Being a fan of hard rock, I pondered a while what I should choose as subject for such a big project as this, however I soon realized that choosing something that interested me would greatly increase my chances for achieving the grades I desire for this course. Thus I picked Heavy Metal, probably the musical genre that I love the most. As I love music, find my inspiration in it, relax to it, party to it and so on, I’ve learned to love the music style called Heavy Metal and especially the founders of Metal, Black Sabbath, probably the band that’s changed the ways of music most – including The Beatles, Velvet Underground, Rolling Stones and many more. I guess you’ve already heard of them. Read about them and a few more bands in the chapter named â€Å"The bands†. Writing something about Heavy Metal would be cool, I thought, but it’s also a pretty wide subject and I chose to limit it and concentrate on my favorite metal band, Black Sabbath and thus focus more on the band that I think changed the way of rock like no one else has managed to. But what is heavy metal? It’s like rock, only it’s not as happy. II. HISTORY It all started with Black Sabbath, PERIOD! They were the first heavy metal band and thus, I will focus on their records, however I have not forgot the other bands, be patient. Before we begin, there are some things you need to learn. 1. How to scream and sing. I guess you already know how to do that. 2. How to headbang. Bang your head up and down, your hairstyling should now be ruined if you’re doin’ it right. 3. Throw your hands in the air, do the sing of the devil: Fold in your thumb, index- and ring finger, this imitates the two thorns of the devil. That’s it. Now, let’s get to business. Black Sabbath records... L i... Free Essays on Black Sabbath Free Essays on Black Sabbath CONTENTS Page: Chapter: 1. I Introduction 1. II History 4. III The bands 5. IV Drugs 6. V Hypes, gimmicks & myths 6. VI Sub genres 7. VII Summary I. INTRODUCTION Being a fan of hard rock, I pondered a while what I should choose as subject for such a big project as this, however I soon realized that choosing something that interested me would greatly increase my chances for achieving the grades I desire for this course. Thus I picked Heavy Metal, probably the musical genre that I love the most. As I love music, find my inspiration in it, relax to it, party to it and so on, I’ve learned to love the music style called Heavy Metal and especially the founders of Metal, Black Sabbath, probably the band that’s changed the ways of music most – including The Beatles, Velvet Underground, Rolling Stones and many more. I guess you’ve already heard of them. Read about them and a few more bands in the chapter named â€Å"The bands†. Writing something about Heavy Metal would be cool, I thought, but it’s also a pretty wide subject and I chose to limit it and concentrate on my favorite metal band, Black Sabbath and thus focus more on the band that I think changed the way of rock like no one else has managed to. But what is heavy metal? It’s like rock, only it’s not as happy. II. HISTORY It all started with Black Sabbath, PERIOD! They were the first heavy metal band and thus, I will focus on their records, however I have not forgot the other bands, be patient. Before we begin, there are some things you need to learn. 1. How to scream and sing. I guess you already know how to do that. 2. How to headbang. Bang your head up and down, your hairstyling should now be ruined if you’re doin’ it right. 3. Throw your hands in the air, do the sing of the devil: Fold in your thumb, index- and ring finger, this imitates the two thorns of the devil. That’s it. Now, let’s get to business. Black Sabbath records... L i...

Global Political Economy Research Question Paper

Global Political Economy Question - Research Paper Example Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, the Cuba Assets Control Regulations of 1963, the Cuban Democracy Act of 1992, the Helms-Burton Act of 1996, and the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 20001. When the embargo reached its fiftieth anniversary, there are arguments both in favor of and against it. While some people claim that it is the only way for the U.S to bring Cuba to respect democracy and human rights, some others think that it only hinders Cuba from converting to democracy. This paper argues that lifting the embargo would promote democracy and free trade markets in Cuba. When Batista was overthrown in Cuba in the Cuban Revolution, the new revolutionary government, under the leadership of Castro, started seizing U.S properties in the island and nationalizing them. As a response, the U.S reduced the Cuban import quota of brown sugar through the Sugar Act of 1948. However, the revolutionary government of Cuba gained support from the Soviet Union, which offered to purchase sugar from Cuba2. The situation grew worse when Cuba supported the Soviet Union in the Cold War. Infuriated, the Kennedy government extended the embargo measures. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, travel restrictions to Cuba came into force in 1963 and as a response to the Cuban hosting of Soviet nuclear weapons, Cuban Assets Control Regulations came into force, freezing Cuban properties in the U.S. Though the restriction on the U.S citizens from visiting Cuba expired in 1977, it is still illegal for U.S citizens to spend money or receive gifts in Cuba without a U.S government issued license. That is, it is not possible for the U.S citizens to pay airfare ticket taxes at a Cuban airport. In essence, though the travel restriction was removed, it is not possible for U.S citizens to visit Cuba without breaking the monetary transaction rule. However, by the year 2009, a change came as the Obama administration eased the ban, allowing Cuban-Americans to travel freely to Cuba3. The

Art history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Art history - Essay Example visually appears the same as buon fresco, the pigments simply adhere to the surface since they are not absorbed into the wall; hence fresco secco does not have buon secco’s longevity (Gardner et al: 410). â€Å"This mural painting is among the greatest twelfth century European paintings in the United States†(MFA1, 2008). Earlier it had decorated the apse or semicircular area behind the altar of the monastery church of Santa Maria de Mur, in the foothills of the Spanish Pyrenees. The large-eyed, solemn figure of Christ, dominates the composition. He holds a book on which is inscribed reinforcing passages relating to Christ’s centralization in Christian art and doctrine, which states: â€Å"I am the way, the truth, and the life, no man cometh into the Father but by me†. All four Evangelists, who are authors of the New Testament Gospels, surround Christ. The fresco’s lower tiers contain the twelve Apostles, the original followers of Christ, and scenes from the Bible. The formality, symmetry and positioning of the figures are Byzantine, but the Spanish artist substituted Byzantine mosaic in favor of direct painting on plaster coated walls. The iconographic scheme in the semi-dome of the apse is more closely related to those of the Romanesque Church portals of France. In the fresco, Christ in a star-strewn Mandorla is flanked by the signs of the four Evangelists, which is the apocalypse theme that greatly fascinated the Romanesque imagination. Seven lamps between Christ and the Evangelist signs symbolize the seven Christian communities where St.John addressed his revelation, the Apocalypse, at the beginning of his book. Below, the apostles stand in pairs, adding to the formality of the composition. The main figures are presented with partitioning of the drapery into volumes, made to look tubular by local shading. The painter stiffened the irregular shapes of actual cloth into geometric patterns. The effect overall is one of simple, strong, and str aightforward

An overview of the Ozone Layer

An overview of the Ozone Layer INTRODUCTION â€Å"THE OZONE LAYER† The ozone layer is a portion of earth atmosphere that contains high levels of ozone. The atmosphere is divided into five layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The troposphere is the layer closest to earth and is where all weather happenings occur. The stratosphere is located directly above the troposphere, about 10-50 kilometers above the planet, and houses the ozone layer at an altitude of 20-30 kilometers. The mesosphere is located approximately 50-80 kilometers above the earth, while the thermosphere rests at an altitude of approximately 100-200 kilometers above the earth surface. Finally, the boundary of the outermost layer, the exosphere, extends roughly to 960-1000 kilometers above the earth. The ozone found in our atmosphere is formed by an interaction between oxygen molecules (composed of two oxygen atoms) and ultraviolet light. When ultraviolet light hits these oxygen molecules, the reaction causes the molecules to break apart into single atoms of oxygen (UV light + O2 > O + O). These single atoms of oxygen are very reactive, and a single atom combines with a molecule of oxygen to form ozone (O3), which is composed of three atoms of oxygen (2O + 2O2 > 2O3). Need for OZONE LAYER The ozone layer is essential for human life. It is able to absorb much harmful ultraviolet radiation, preventing penetration to the earth surface. Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is defined as radiation with wavelengths between 290-320 nanometers, which are harmful to life because this radiation can enter cells and destroy the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of many life forms on planet earth. In a sense, the ozone layer can be thought of as a UV filter or our planets built in sunscreen. Without the ozone layer, UV radiation would not be filtered as it reached the surface of the earth. If this happened, cancer would break out and all of the living civilizations, and all species on earth would be in jeopardy. Thus, the ozone layer essentially allows life, as we know it, to exist. A Dobson Unit is a measurement of how thick a specific portion of the ozone layer would be if it were compressed into a single layer at zero degrees Celsius with one unit of atmospheric pressure acting on it (standard temperature and pressure STP). Thus, one Dobson Unit (DU) is defined as .01 mm thickness at standard temperature and pressure. Since the ozone layer over this area would form a 3 mm thick slab, the measurement of the ozone over Labrador is 300 DU. Ozone depletion: Who is responsible? It is important to recognize the sources of ozone depletion before one can fully understand the problem. There are three main contributors to the ozone problem: human activity, natural sources, and volcanic eruptions. Human activity is by far the most prevalent and destructive source of ozone depletion, while threatening volcanic eruptions are less common. Human activity, such as the release of various compounds containing chlorine or bromine, accounts for approximately 75 to 85 percent of ozone damage. Perhaps the most evident and destructive molecule of this description is chloroflourocarbon (CFC). CFCs were first used to clean electronic circuit boards, and as time progressed, were used in aerosols and coolants, such as refrigerators and air conditioners. When CFCs from these products are released into the atmosphere, the destruction begins. As CFCs are emitted, the molecules float toward the ozone rich stratosphere. Then, when UV radiation contacts the CFC molecule, this causes o ne chlorine atom to liberate. This free chlorine then reacts with an ozone (O3) molecule to form chlorine monoxide (ClO) and a single oxygen molecule (O2). This reaction can be illustrated by the following chemical equation: Cl + O3 > O2 + ClO. Then, a single oxygen atom reacts with a chlorine monoxide molecule, causing the formation of an oxygen molecule (O2) and a single chlorine atom (O + ClO > Cl + O2). This threatening chlorine atom then continues the cycle and results in further destruction of the ozone layer . Measures have been taken to reduce the amount of CFC emission, but since CFCs have a life span of 20-100 years, previously emitted CFCs will do damage for years to come. Natural sources also contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, but not nearly as much as human activity. Natural sources can be blamed for approximately 15 to 20 percent of ozone damage. A common natural source of ozone damage is naturally occurring chlorine. Naturally occurring chlorine, like the chlorine released from the reaction between a CFC molecule and UV radiation, also has detrimental effects and poses danger to the earth. Finally, volcanic eruptions are a small contributor to ozone damage, accounting for one to five percent. During large volcanic eruptions, chlorine, as a component of hydrochloric acid (HCl), is released directly into the stratosphere, along with sulfur dioxide. In this case, sulfur dioxide is more harmful than chlorine because it is converted into sulfuric acid aerosols. These aerosols accelerate damaging chemical reactions, which cause chlorine to destroy ozone. Rocket Launches May Need Regulation to Prevent Ozone Depletion As the rocket launch market grows, so will ozone-destroying rocket emissions, if left unregulated, rocket launches by the year 2050 could result in more ozone destruction than was ever realized by CFCs. Since some proposed space efforts would require frequent launches of large rockets over extended periods. In the policy world uncertainty often leads to unnecessary regulation, this could be avoided with a more robust understanding of how rockets affect the ozone layer. Current global rocket launches deplete the ozone layer by no more than a few hundredths of 1 percent annually. But as the space industry grows and other ozone-depleting chemicals decline in the Earths stratosphere, the issue of ozone depletion from rocket launches is expected to move to the forefront. Today, just a handful of NASA space shuttle launches release more ozone-depleting substances in the stratosphere than the entire annual use of CFC-based medical inhalers used to treat asthma and other diseases in the United States and which are now banned. Highly reactive trace-gas molecules known as radicals dominate stratospheric ozone destruction, and a single radical in the stratosphere can destroy up to 10,000 ozone molecules before being deactivated and removed from the stratosphere. Microscopic particles, including soot and aluminum oxide particles emitted by rocket engines, provide chemically active surface areas that increase the rate such radicals leak from their reservoirs and contribute to ozone destruction. Every type of rocket engine causes some ozone loss, and rocket combustion products are the only human sources of ozone-destroying compounds injected directly into the middle and upper stratosphere where the ozone layer resides. Although U.S. science agencies spent millions of dollars to assess the ozone loss potential from a hypothetical fleet of 500 supersonic aircraft a fleet that never materialized much less research has been done to understand the potential range of effects the existing global fleet of rockets might have on the ozone layer. Since 1987 CFCs have been banned from use in aerosol cans, freezer refrigerants and air conditioners. Many scientists expect the stratospheric ozone layer which absorbs more than 90 percent of harmful ultraviolet radiation that can harm humans and ecosystems to return to levels that existed prior to the use of ozone-depleting chemicals by the year 2040. Rockets around the world use a variety of propellants, including solids, liquids and hybrids. Ross said while little is currently known about how they compare to each other with respect to the ozone loss they cause, new studies are needed to provide the parameters required to guide possible regulation of both commercial and government rocket launches in the future. To reduce the risk that unpredictable and more strict ozone regulations would be a hindrance to space access by measuring and modeling exactly how different rocket types affect the ozone layer. Volcanic Aerosol Clouds and Gases Lead To Ozone Destruction The volcanic gases released during eruptions accelerate reactions that lead to ozone destruction. The researchers found that even relatively small volcanic eruptions can destroy ozone and create localised holes in the stratosphere. Previously, scientists had concentrated on the climatic effects of the tiny particles of volcanic sulphate created from the sulphur dioxide gas emitted during an eruption. For the first time, analysing data from a 2000 eruption of the Hekla volcano, Iceland, the researchers discovered that volcanic gases may also lead to the formation of ice and nitric acid particles. This is a critical finding as these particles switch on volcanic chorine gases, accelerating reactions that lead to ozone destruction. Volcanic eruptions which penetrate the stratosphere can lead to the formation of the type of clouds that promote reactions with volcanic chlorine gases gases that destroy stratospheric ozone and lead to the formation of mini-ozone holes. The ozone hole: Why over Antarctica? When the topic of the ozone layer arises, many people immediately think of the hole over Antarctica, but few know why the hole is actually there. In 1985, British scientists discovered this hole. A special condition exists in Antarctica that accelerates the depletion of the ozone layer. Every Arctic winter, a polar vortex forms over Antarctica. A polar vortex is a swirling mass of very cold, stagnant air surrounded by strong westerly wind. Since there is an absence of sun during Arctic winters, the air becomes incredibly cold and the formation of ice clouds occurs. When the sun returns in the spring, the light shining on the nitrogen oxide filled ice particles activates the formation of chlorine. This excess of ozone destroying chlorine rapidly accelerates the depletion of the ozone layer. Finally, when the polar vortex breaks up, the rapid dissolution decreases. It is evident that the effects of the polar vortex are dramatic.For about two month every southern spring, the total ozone declines by about 60% over most of Antarctica. In the core of the ozone hole, more than 75% of the ozone is lost and at some altitudes, the ozone virtually disappeared in October, 1999. The average size of the ozone hole is larger than most continents, including South America, Europe, Australia, and Antarctica, and the maximum size of the ozone hole in 1996 was larger than North America. Finally, one must note that the hole over Antarctica is truly a hole only in the Antarctic spring, when the depletion is extremely severe due to the vortex. The hole above Antarctica has clearly proven to be detrimental. Plankton, organisms that live on carbon, light, and nutrients such as nitrogen, are near the bottom of the food chain, and are accustomed to low levels of UV. In December of 1994, on the island of Bacharcaise off Antarctica, increased levels of UV radiation decreased the number of photoplankton dramatically. Photoplankton are the main source of food for krill, which in turn are the main source of food for various birds and whales in the Antarctic region. At this time, due to the decreased number of photoplankton, the krill level was so low that it could not support the penguin population. Thus, some penguins were forced to travel up to two hundred miles in search of food, but most returned with none. Furthermore, when summer came, only approximately ten of the 1800 hatched penguin chicks survived. This tragedy illustrates the fact that even underwater creatures are not protected from harmful UV rays, and is a perfect example of the entire food chain being affected due to an increase in the UV radiation as a result of the thinning ozone layer. EFFORTS TO REDUCE OZONE DEPLETION Internationalefforts to attempt to limit the production and release of CFCs began once the role of CFCs in ozone destruction was established. In 1987 the United Nations Montreal Protocol was agreed and came into effect in January 1989. The countries that signed up to the protocol aim to phase out the use of CFCs globally. The main CFCs ceased to be produced by the signatories in 1995, and the European Union ceased using them in 1998, except for a very small amount in limited and essential uses such as medical sprays. Although the Montreal Protocol has been successful, it should be noted that without the subsequent amendments, recovery of the ozone hole would have been impossible. Thehydro-chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) were developed to replace CFCs. These gases can still damage ozone if they reach the stratosphere, but they are less likely to since their extra hydrogen atom allows them to be destroyed in the lower layers of the atmosphere. These gases are also controlled under the Montreal Protocol and were phased out after 2004. The gases that replaced both the CFCs and HCFCs are hydro-fluorocarbons (HFCs), which do not contain any chlorine atoms and so have no ozone depleting effect. Unfortunately, many of them are powerful greenhouse gases and could contribute to global warming if emitted in large quantities. SincetheCFCshaveatmospheric lifetimes of about 50 to 100 years, and take 5 to 10 years to reach the upper atmosphere where they are broken down, the atmosphere reacts slowly to the cuts made in emissions of these gases. Stratospheric ozone should begin to increase as the amount of chlorine and bromine decreases. However, ozone is affected by changes in other gases, such as methane, temperature changes due to climate change, and also indirectly by particles from volcanic eruptions. Compoundscontainingbromine, such as methyl bromide (mainly of natural origin) and the brominated CFCs (halons: used mainly as fire retardants), are also ozone-depleting chemicals. While the total amount of chlorine in the lower atmosphere peaked in 1994, and is now slowly declining, the total amount of bromine is still increasing. An assessment by the World Meteorological Organization in 1998 estimated that global and Antarctic ozone levels would return to pre-1980 levels by 2050, and in 2003 evidence suggested that the rate at which ozone is disappearing had indeed slowed down markedly, although estimates as to when ozone can return to a proper balance have now been revised to the latter half of the 21st century. However, many factors influence ozone, and future levels are not completely predictable. SOCIAL ASPECTS The most obvious, and perhaps most important connection between society and the ozone layer is the fact that scientific research suggests depletion of the ozone layer directly and indirectly endangers the health of the population. Research has focused on connections between the depleting ozone layer and skin cancer, immuno-suppression, cataracts, and snowblindness. Ozone depletion and skin cancer: What is the connection? Exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer and causes damage to the DNA in the skin cells. DNA is extremely sensitive to UV radiation, especially UV-B radiation. UV radiation is located in the optical radiation portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, while UV-B radiation is a subdivision of the ultraviolet spectrum and consists of a wavelength of 280 to 315 nanometers. Thus, DNA is especially sensitive to radiation with a wavelength between 280 and 315 nanometers . When UV radiation hits the skin, it can cause the cell to lock up and scramble or delete DNA information. This action causes confusion in the DNA, and the body loses control of the growth and division of the cell. If the conditions are right, the cell may become cancerous. It is important to note that not all affected cells turn into skin cancer, for many can repair themselves. However, continual exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer due to cumulative damage of the DNA. Skin cancer can be divided into two categories: melanoma and non-melanoma. The melanoma form of skin cancer is the more dangerous of the two. This type of cancer has the ability to spread quickly throughout the body and invade other cells. On the other hand, non-melanoma skin cancer is not to be taken lightly either, but is a less serious form of the disease. Non-melanoma skin cancers are not usually life threatening, and removal is relatively routine. However, treatment does include radiation therapy or surgery. The concern of many is that sunburn may lead to increased risk of acquiring skin cancer. Some forms of cancer are associated with sunburn, while other forms are not. Melanoma skin cancer is a form that sunburns may play a leading role in. Jan van der Leun, a Dutch scientist, explains that, light hitting the outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, triggers the production of some substances which diffuse into the dermis below. The dermis is filled with blood vessels, and the c hemical substances cause them to dilate, making the skin red and warm to the touch. The bottom line is that UV ray exposure increases the risk of skin cancer. However, controversy lies around the question of whether or not the depletion of the ozone layer will lead to more sunburns, and in turn, more skin cancer. Some scientists suggest that the skin will gradually adapt to higher UV-B levels as the ozone gradually depletes. The opponent to this theory would state that the thinning of the ozone layer would lead to more human UV-B exposure. This increased UV-B exposure would, in turn, increase the damage to the DNA making it difficult for the cell to correct the damage before it divides. This damage accumulates over time and increases the chances that a cell will turn cancerous. In addition, since UV-B radiation damages the immune system, it is much more likely that a cell will turn cancerous.In animal studies, immunosuppressive effects caused by UV-B have indeed been shown to play an important role in the outcome of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Furth ermore, states that for the non-melanoma skin cancers, the evidence is compelling and there are estimates that each percentage decrease in the stratospheric ozone will lead to a two percent increase in the incidence of these cancers. Thus, if the ozone depletes by ten percent over a certain time period, 250,000 more people would be affected by these cancers each year. Due to controversy in the scientific community, it is difficult to clearly state whether or not ozone depletion will lead to an increased risk of skin cancers, but scientists agree on the fact that UV-B radiation plays a large role in the formation of cancer. Thus, it may very well be that as the UV filter we call the ozone layer thins, the increased amount of UV-B radiation posed on human skin may contribute to an increased amount of skin cancer. Yet, one can only weigh all the evidence and speculate, for science has yet to provide a cut and dry answer for society to base its judgments on. DISCUSSION Regardless of the details of the arguments, it is obvious that the depletion of the ozone layer is a serious problem that poses many consequences to society. Although scientific controversy exists, the possibility seems high that the depletion of the ozone layer will prove detrimental if action is not taken. For example, research shows the strong possibility of a number of health risks associated with increased UV-B exposure as a direct result of the thinning ozone layer. These health risks include skin cancer, immuno-suppression, cataracts, and snow blindness. Furthermore, the possibility that increased UV-B radiation results in lower crop yields should provide a wakeup call to those who feel the thinning ozone layer is not a problem. For if we are not able to breed UV-B resistant plants, the worlds food supply would become dramatically decreased, resulting in higher levels of famine and malnutrition. Studies from Antarctica tell society that increased UV radiation can directly affect the food chain. Recall the decrease in food supply as a result of reduced levels of photoplankton in Antarctica. This may seem like an isolated, non-significant, and remote problem; however, this incident illustrates the dangers of reduced food supply and alteration of the food chain as a result of the thinning ozone layer. Even though the photoplankton were located at the bottom of the food chain, the whole chain was affected. In the future, problems like this could potentially affect the global food web and result in an overall decrease in food supply. Thus, realize that the dangers posed by ozone depletion are real now, and will be in the future, if action is not taken. Take Action: Teamwork does the trick Although the earth will be able to heal itself if the CFC level continues to stay as it is, the depletion of the ozone layer is still a problem that society should be concerned with. In order for earth to repair the damage humans have posed on the ozone layer, society must take an active role. There are many tasks individuals can involve themselves in to help combat the problem of ozone depletion. First of all, one can simply check product labels for ozone friendly status. Many companies have gone to great lengths to remove CFCs from their products. These products do not do as much damage to the ozone layer, and thus, are denoted as ozone friendly. A collaborative effort by society not using products with CFCs is a major step toward the healing of the ozone layer. Unfortunately, many products still used in society are detrimental to the ozone layer. For example, CFCs marketed under the trade name Freon are used in appliances with refrigerants such as refrigerators and air conditioners. When individuals must dispose of products with refrigerants in them, certain actions must be taken in order to prevent the CFCs from escaping from the disposed product. For example, when an agency, such as a waste hauling company, comes to pick up the unwanted appliance, check to make sure refrigerant-recovery equipment is used by the agency. This equipment allows for the disposal of refrigerants without damage to the ozone layer. Society can also help the problem of ozone depletion through education, as well as through various donations. If individuals contribute time or money to environmental agencies focused on healing the ozone layer, the agencies will be able to organize activities promoting the understanding of the ozone problem. If society is educated through these means, more individual efforts will be taken to make ozone smart decisions such as using ozone friendly products. Although thinning ozone may not directly affect the generation growing up today, future generations depend on the actions taken now. Thus, it is important for society to recognize that the thinning ozone layer is a problem and to take action in order to ensure the safety and survival of future generations. Result It is very much clear from the above discussions that there is an urgent need of the hour to realize the importance of the very critical ozone layer which is just like a god gift to human civilisation. It acts as a protection shield which prevents the dangerous and harmful UV rays entering the earth surface. It job is to filter those harmful particles present in the rays that can lead to severe destruction of mankind, wealth and property. The impact of ozone depletion can be seen on the world`s economy today it has slow down the progress of not only any particular nation rather it is a global phenomenon which is hindering development. According to surveys conducted it has been seen that year 1998 observed max. decline in amount of ozone depletion. SUMMARY The ozone layer is essential for protecting society from harmful UV radiation by acting as a filter. However, this protective layer has been thinning due to three main sources: human activity, natural sources, and volcanoes. Human activity is responsible for the most damage to the ozone layer, thus, society should recognize that much can be done to prevent ozone layer damage. In 1985, in a region over Antarctica, the yearly polar vortex had caused the ozone layer to deplete so greatly, that it could be classified as a hole. In 1996, this hole was large enough to cover Antarctica. The depletion of the ozone layer does not come without problems. Scientific research has suggested the probability that increased UV-B radiation as a result of the thinning ozone layer leads to increased cases of skin cancer, immuno-suppression, cataracts, and snowblindness due to radiation damage of the DNA. Additionally, experiments have shown a correlation between increased UV radiation and crop damage due to UV radiation damaging the plants DNA. Some scientists, however, feel that this will not be a problem in the future due to the possibility of breeding UV resistant crops and plants. Many national governments and agencies recognized the problem of ozone depletion, and therefore, united in 1987 to sign the Montreal Protocol. This agreement was implemented to decrease CFC levels in order to help protect the thinning ozone layer. Clearly, ozone depletion is a dangerous problem due to possible disease outbreaks and famine as a result of increased UV-B radiation. However, society can collectively attempt to combat this problem by relatively simple means such as education and the practice of ozone smart behavior. For if society acts now, future generations will be handed a safe and healthy planet.

Comparing Alexis Tocqueville and Karl Marx Essay -- Politics Political

Comparing Alexis Tocqueville and Karl Marx Writing in the 1830s Tocqueville saw democracy as the way of the future, and envisioned a world where revolutions would be rare. Yet writing not long after that, with a thorough knowledge of Tocqueville, Marx predicted a season of revolutions. The difference between these two views comes from a different take on the effect that the economy has on people. Both men saw the economy as producing an almost economically equal majority. For Tocqueville this majority was fairly well-off and had the ability to seek individual happiness through material wellbeing, without concern to control the government. This pursuit of individualism would keep the people quiet and peaceful. For Marx this majority was poor and had nothing to lose by revolting. Poverty would unify the people beyond borders and they would work for change. Marx acknowledged the growing individualism that Tocqueville had identified, but underestimated it and he ignored the possibility by which through democracy the wealthy could be isolated and ignored peaceably. According to Marx, "The weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled feudalism to the ground are now turned against the bourgeoisie itself. But not only has the bourgeoisie forged the weapons that bring death to itself; it has also called into existence the men who are to wield these weapons ? the modern working class ? the proletarians." The proletariat is the group described in the Communist Manifesto as the 9/10th of the population which does not own "private property". The private property he is referring to are not items of individual consumption, like toothbrushes or clothing, but the means of production. The proletariat does not own the means of production but m... ...as to whether they will be able to survive the growth of major chains like Wal-Mart. With the fall of small businesses, more and more people will be forced to sell their labour-power to the large ones, and perhaps Marx was just a little before his time. Works Cited Marx, Karl. "Civil War in France." In Karl Marx: Selected Writings. Ed. Lawrence H. Simon. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1994. 301 - 314. "Communist Manifesto." In Karl Marx: Selected Writings. Ed. Lawrence H. Simon. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1994. 157 ? 186. "Marginal Notes on Baukunin?s Statism and Anarchy". In Karl Marx: Selected Writings. Ed. Lawrence H. Simon. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1994. 333 ? 338. Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. Abridged by Sanford Kessler. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 2000. Comparing Alexis Tocqueville and Karl Marx Essay -- Politics Political Comparing Alexis Tocqueville and Karl Marx Writing in the 1830s Tocqueville saw democracy as the way of the future, and envisioned a world where revolutions would be rare. Yet writing not long after that, with a thorough knowledge of Tocqueville, Marx predicted a season of revolutions. The difference between these two views comes from a different take on the effect that the economy has on people. Both men saw the economy as producing an almost economically equal majority. For Tocqueville this majority was fairly well-off and had the ability to seek individual happiness through material wellbeing, without concern to control the government. This pursuit of individualism would keep the people quiet and peaceful. For Marx this majority was poor and had nothing to lose by revolting. Poverty would unify the people beyond borders and they would work for change. Marx acknowledged the growing individualism that Tocqueville had identified, but underestimated it and he ignored the possibility by which through democracy the wealthy could be isolated and ignored peaceably. According to Marx, "The weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled feudalism to the ground are now turned against the bourgeoisie itself. But not only has the bourgeoisie forged the weapons that bring death to itself; it has also called into existence the men who are to wield these weapons ? the modern working class ? the proletarians." The proletariat is the group described in the Communist Manifesto as the 9/10th of the population which does not own "private property". The private property he is referring to are not items of individual consumption, like toothbrushes or clothing, but the means of production. The proletariat does not own the means of production but m... ...as to whether they will be able to survive the growth of major chains like Wal-Mart. With the fall of small businesses, more and more people will be forced to sell their labour-power to the large ones, and perhaps Marx was just a little before his time. Works Cited Marx, Karl. "Civil War in France." In Karl Marx: Selected Writings. Ed. Lawrence H. Simon. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1994. 301 - 314. "Communist Manifesto." In Karl Marx: Selected Writings. Ed. Lawrence H. Simon. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1994. 157 ? 186. "Marginal Notes on Baukunin?s Statism and Anarchy". In Karl Marx: Selected Writings. Ed. Lawrence H. Simon. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1994. 333 ? 338. Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. Abridged by Sanford Kessler. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 2000.

Background to HRM at General Motors Corporation Essay

General Motors Corporation (NYE: GM) is the leading American automaker in the world with its operations spanning in 157 countries. The car manufacturer was established in 1908 in Michigan and today it is headquartered in Detroit, the United States of America. Besides the domestic industry of the United States of America, General Motors manufactures cars and trucks in other 30 countries around the world. Among its brand products are Cadillac, Buick, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Hummer, Holden, Opel, Saab, Pontiac, Vauxhall, and Saturn. Besides these brands that are owned by the automaker, GMC also operates joint ventures in China and Japan. That is, Shanghai GM and SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile respectively. From its Website, General Motors Corporation is among the leading American employer with 204 000 employees distributed throughout its global markets. The employees include production engineers, financial auditors, marketers, and researchers among others. Before restructuring and retrenching that took place in 2008 following a harsh global financial crisis that resulted into a loss of $37.3billion by the automaker, General motors corporation was the leading American employer with 284 000 employees (GMC, 2008). Because of its large network of global presence in 31 countries, General Motors human resource management practices entail international practices that are designed in accordance to the international operation requirements and the organizational culture designed to reduce operational costs. Majority employees of the corporation’s subsidiaries in the 31 countries are drawn from the domestic pool of local labour markets and only a few expatriates are drawn from USA as back office managers due to their wide knowledge of its organization culture (Cappelli, 1999). The Board of directors which draws from the organization’s international market presence is charged with the responsibilities of making major decisions critical to the company’s operation. According to Gustin (2008), General Motors Corporation spent up to $103 million in settling healthcare insurance benefits of its retired employees in 2007. From this information, it is evident that the American automaker provides life insurance covers for its employees upon retirement. However, following restructurung, these benefits  were stripped off and only a few employees still enjoy them today. From January 1, 2010, pension scheme of retired hourly employees of General Motors Corporation was transferred to United Autoworkers; a third party insurance firms and all permanent employees who were hired after january 1, 1993 nolonger receive health care insirance benefit upon retirement(GMC,2008). The entry salary of the global automaker is dictated by the labour laws of each market of operation and thus varied with the United States of America being the highest irrespective by job categories ( Main et al., 2007). The organization has invested in a Human Resource Management system that allows close interraction of its global employees through technology such as e-mailing and enterprise resource Management (Azrul, 2010). Marketing strategy entails presentations by field marketers to the organization’s large distributors and online follow ups. Reccommended HRM practices for GMC From the above background analysis of General Motors corporation, it is clear that the organization requires international Human Resource Management practices that will integrate the cultural diversity of its employees.The catastrophic impact of the 2008 financial ciris that resulted into massive restructuring and retrenching of its human resources also underscores the organization’s poor human resource planning. The following recommendations are prescribed for the automaker on the basis of figure 1 below. The first recommendation, is Re-designing the business strategy to target the bottom line of the market. According to Azrul (2010), one of the main reasons for the $37.4 billion loss incured by the American automaker is external market forces from competitors like Honda and Hyundai that were producing far cheaper vehicles with high efficient engines and low fuel consumption rates as compared to Genereal Motors’ brands. In the heat of global financial crisis, the market shifted to consumption of cheaper and less fuel consumers produced by the competitors resulting in huge losses by the General Motors Corporation. The new business strategy should entail  designing cars and trucks with high eficent engines and electric cars that can survive an upsurge in oil prices. This will involve an investment in manufacturing technologies that ensures high quality at reduced costs such as electric engines that uses bateries.This will give the Amecan leading automaker a competitve advantage against the stiffening market competition. The second recommendation is outsourcing of labour from China and Japan. Many Corporations prefer to manufacture their products from China because of the availability of a relatively cheaper labour force when compared to western counterparts. General Motors corporation can either outsource its human resoure from China or undertake most of its production from its Japanese and Chinese Subsidiaries. The labour laws in the two countries are relatively flexible and firendly than in the United States of America. This will help the American Automator reduce huge operational costs incured in meeting the big payroll of over 200, 000 employees. The third recommendation is integration of employees’ training in high involvement work practices. According to Konrad (2006), engaging employees of an organization in job specific training improves their productivity by increasing their job-related skills, reducing propensity of committing costly errors, and increasing their job confidence. Training of General Motors’ employees on their job specifications will improve their productivity. Ofshore trainings in China and Japan are recommended. This will allow the corporation’s manufacturing engineers to learn new efficient production technologies of Japan and China in making cheaper and highly effiecient cars. Motivational incentives such as team building sessions, delegation of duties, self-managed leadership styles, and monetary rewards will boost their commitment to the organization. The combined effect of training and motivation will necesitate restructuring of a pay roll while leveraging on improved productivity of highly productive employees. The fourth recommendation is embracing technology in Human Resource Management system to enhance global cordination of its business. According to Dreher and Dougherty ( 2002), the use of technology such as centralised Enterprise Resource Management system to co-ordinate human resource  activities of General Motors will enhance quick sharing of ideas and consultation among the global employees of the company without barriers. This will allow the organization to carry out its marketing strategies efficiently and effectively without limitation by geographical distances. Effective Human Resource Management through streamlined sofware-based systems enhances fast communication and online training which gives an organization a higher competitive advantage. The fifth recommendation is integration of social benefits such as pension and health care schemes in the reward system. From the backround information above, it is evident that General Motors Corporation with-held social benefits for employees who were hired after January 1, 1993 and transferred the remaining ones to third pary insirance firms. The American automaker also stripped healthcare benefits for retired employees beyond 65 years. Acording to Konrad (2006), social rewards like health care insurance schemes make employees feel more valued by their organizations than monetary rewards in terms of bonuses and salary increments. Also pension schemes improve employees’ commitment to their employer because of future guarantees. This reduces employees’ turnover which is essential in retaining critical human resources for continuity of operation of General Motors. High staff retention improves an organization’s competitive advantage in a complex market of operati onal rivalry. The sixth recommendation is the implementation of employee productivity management and monitoring systems such as Balanced Score Card (BSC) and High Performance Work System (HPWS) (Rouse, 2000). The latter system refers collectively to open systems, autonomouas teams and teamworks, and performance-based pay (Azrul, 2010). The implementation of the two Human Resource Management systems will improve organizational performance by providing real time employees’ information storage database from which future managerial decisions, and rewards will be based. According to Konrad ( 2006), employees of an organization are more productive when they are aware that their performance is recorded for review in determining their future rewards. Effective implementation of the Human Resource Management systems will help General Motors Corporation in categorising employees  according to their productivity rates. This information is important in determining the relevance of job training and objective restructuring in the event of a crisis like that which befell it in 2008. In this case, only high productive employees will be retained. The seventh recommendation is the implementation of an integrative pay/ reward system to inculde performance-contingency pay scheme, skill-based pay, and seniority-based pay scheme. According to performance-contingency pay scheme, the employees’ reward will be based on the performance of their working teams. This will help the automaker in creating effective self-managed and motivated teams. Skill-based pay will ensure that employees’ pay schemes are based on their job skills. For instance, production engineers will be given high pay than marketers because of their technical skills required by the organization. Seniority-based pay scheme demands that those employees who have stayed longer in the organization will get a higher pay than new comers because of their cumulative salary increements along their carrier path. Seniority-based pay scheme promotes staff retention even when the entry salary is relatively lower than the market rates because employees know that there is a room for growth. In general, General Motors Corporation should ensure total compliance with the labour markets and legal environments of their respective countries of operations before implementation of the proposed recommendations. For instance, the employment laws regarding hourly wages, minimum wage policy, employment opportunities, labour regulations, and safety rules in China are different from those of the United States of America. Therefore it is imperative that the American automaker consider their implications in setting the minimum entry wage in each country of operation. Conclusion. In conclusion, General Motors Corporation can sustain its competitive strategy as a leading automaker by embracing the above prescribed Human Resource Mangement system that integrates staff training on job related skills, outsourcing, social reward scheme, technology, and  performance-contingency pay scheme among others as strategic competiencies in its operation. The implementation of Balanced Score Card and HPWS is critical in improving the productivity of the organization’s employees. The proposed system will enhance high staff retention, high staff productivity, and objective contingency planning in times of global crises like the 2008 global financial crisis that lead to massive retrenchment by the automaker. References Azrul, A. (2010). Human Resource Management & General Motors. Monash University Publication, p.1-13.From: http://www.scribd.com/doc/14812855/Human-Resource-Management-General-Motors Main, B.G.,Jackson, C., Pymm, J.,& Wright, V. (2007). GMC:The Remuneration Committee and Strategic Human Resource Management. University of Edinburgh publications, p.1-49. Cappelli, P. (1999). Employment Practices and Business Strategy. Oxfford, ew York : Oxford University Press. General Motors Corporation. (2008). Restructuring Plan for Long-Term Viability: Submitted to Senate Banking Committee & House of Representatives Financial Services Committee. Detroit: General Motors Corporation. Rouse ,D. (2000). Manufacturing Sdvantage:Why High Performance Work Systems Pay off. Journal of Team Performance Management, vol 96(5) , p.1420. Dreher, G., & Dougherty,T. (2002). Human resource strategy: A behavioral perspective for the general manager. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Gustin, L. R. (2008). Billy Durant: Creator of General Motors. Ann Arbor. Michigan: University of Michigan Press. Konrad, A. M. (2006). Engaging Employees Through High-Involvement Work Practices. IVEY Business Journal , n.p.From:

Comparing Clothing in Knights Tale and the Millers Tale...

One of the striking differences between the Knyghts Tale and the Millers Tale (which is supposed to quit(e) the Knyghts Tale) is that of clothing (the former tale) and lack of clothing (in the latter). Upon an inspection of the General Prologues description of the Knyght, I found that clothing is a very signifcant part of the Knyghts Tale. Chaucers decription of him may forshadow (or, since Chaucer wrote the tales after they were told, color his perceptions of the Knyght) the importance of clothing in the Knyghts Tale. Special attention is paid to the Knyghts coat of mail. He was a verray, parfit gentil knyght. But for to tellen you of his array, His hors were goode, but he was nat gay. Of fustian he wered a gypon Al†¦show more content†¦But this ornament may in fact hinder the tale. When Chaucer began the Tales with the Knyghts Tale, he was probably quite aware that he was going to borrow heavily from other tales. ...Scholarship has uncovered and stressed his strong relationship to conventional rhetoric... (Finlayson 133). Chaucer probably felt as if he was about to be bound by the fact that he was borrowing from another tale (from Boccaccios Il Teseida delle nozze dEmilia), and that he would have to change it to make it his own. The characters that he uses are bound by literary stereotypes and narrative function which they fulfil rather than transcend or reject. (Finlayson 147). Chaucer transcends the Romantic stereotype, but the characters dont. The characters are bound to convention and the ornament of Romance, much like they are bound by thier clothes that define them, keep them from true human (flesh) contact, and that ultimately destroys them. The first significant mention of clothing is when, after Theseus has conquered Thebes, the soldiers go through the pile of corpses. To ransake in the tass of bodyes dede, hem for to strepe of harneys and of wede, The pilours diden bisynesse and cure After the bataille and disconfiture. And so bifel that in the tasse they founde, Thurgh-girt with many a grevous blody wounde, Two yonge knyghts liggying by and by, Bothe in oon armes, wroght ful richely, Of whiche two Arcite highte that oon, And that oother